Communities are fluid and can change rapidly. Sometimes it can get out of control and become something different then you or any of the other founding members ever envisioned. This can either be fantastic (Mac) or terrible (Totalitarianism). The key is knowing what kind of community you are developing. Are you developing a cult or a culture?
What's the difference?
A cult community is built on a small but hardcore following that holds tremendous power. You've seen these kind of communities on Digg, Reddit and other social bookmarking sites. You have built in elevators that allow users to gain more power. The more they buy into and participate within the community. This community tends to be built for the long haul but is almost always more niche. Examples: The Rocky Horror Picture Show, Digg, Star Trek and Punk.
A culture community is built on a broad based set of ideals. Power is shared (if it exists at all). This is the most basic of all communities, but also one of the most successful. Everyone is equal and empowered and you are allowed to communicate, act, and basically do whatever. This community tends to have less guidance and monitoring and is more of a broad concept. Examples: Mac, MLB, and Microsoft
Now I know what you are thinking: Isn't a community a community? Shouldn't you just be happy that you were able to establish one around our brand or product? Yes and no. What direction your community takes will have a lot to do with the success, longevity and attitude of your product. If you go the cult route you are buying into extreme niches. If you go the culture route you are trying to establish a lifestyle around your brand/product.
Most companies try and take the culture route and build a story around their brand/product. It takes a lot of guts to go for cult right off the bat. Most brands/products do this completely by accident. Very few are successful at creating successful cult brands right off the bat.
Another risk associated with cult brands? If you try to take a cult product or brand and make it a culture product you risk alienating your core audience/community members. However, if you don't take the cult into a culture audience you won't be as successful in growing your brand/product. It's a double edged sword and you have to really do some soul searching in order to decide where you want to go.
Your ultimate goal? The cult/culture community. Essentially, a cult community that was able to make a successful leap into the culture model.
What's your vote? Cult, culture or somewhere in between? Would love to hear your thoughts.
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tagged as brand community, Branding, building community, cult community, cult in culture, cult vs culture, culture community, product community, Social Media


I think this analysis is spot on, particularly the risk of alienating your core when trying to grow into a larger market. The aspect of equality, almost democracy, that you attribute to the Culture community is an interesting take that I hadn't considered. I wonder how many brands successfully make that jump. Niche markets like skate shoes and surf clothing come to mind but those are rooted in a subculture that appealed to the mainstream. Can anyone think of any brands that successfully expand to a larger audience and still maintain the value, loyalty and trust of their core?
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